Blog: World Population growth

What's population growth?

Population growth is the change in a population over time, and can be quantified as the change in the number of individuals of any species in a population using "per unit time" for measurement. In biology, the term population growth is likely to refer to any known organism, but this article deals mostly with the application of the term to human populations in demography.

That´s the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BbkQiQyaYc

That video talk about the growth of the world population.

This growth depends on scarce resources (water, food ...). The video shows how the world population grew from 2000B.D to 2030A.D, influenced by the Industrial Revolution (1978), Modern Medicine (1990) and the Information Age (2000). Growth slowed mainly by the Black Plague of 1913.

Blog: Globalization, by Noam Chomsky

That's the video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RdYwAXZh0ME

What's globalization?

Globalization is the process of extending social relations across world-space. Such extensions arise from the movements of people, things and ideas. It cannot be defined in terms of internationalization or integration as some theorists have suggested, though these developments might be an outcome of globalization Globalization describes the interplay across cultures of macro-social forces. These forces include religion, politics, and economics.


This video of Noam Chomsky, talks about various aspects of world globalization.
Everyone is in favor of globalization, but will be in the interest of the people or of private power?
By neutral, globalization has decreased in many aspects such as
Decreased free movement across borders, but also grows, as the movement of capital.
I'm for globalization to exchange food ... between countries, learning from their culture.

Map of the world’s gross domestic product

                               

For more information:

(that's an old inled)

        

Gross domestic product of countries in the world2ª evaluación, Population

Blog : Developed Nations versus Underdeveloped Nations

That's the video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrL6CaXd3js


This video, as its title suggests, talks about the differences between developed and undeveloped.
In the video we teach two graphs:
The annual consumption of beef in the world (in which it is emphasized that America and Africa are the largest consumers) and the annual emission of harmful gases, of which 80% are to bear the undeveloped countries, highlighting the U.S. and China as the most polluting.
Before the waste than developed countries, is a reality of poverty and hunger, which leads to the population of underdeveloped countries to death.
In this feature the sentences quoted by The Most Reverend Desmond Tutu (Archibishop of South Africa): My humanity is bound up in yours, for be can only be human together.
Together, this world could be better, but one thing is another theory and practice, everyone and I mean everyone, should be carried out.

Economic development around the world

Economic development generally refers to the sustained, concerted actions of policymakers and communities that promote the standard of living and economic health of a specific area. Economic development can also be referred to as the quantitative and qualitative changes in the economy. Such actions can involve multiple areas including development of human capital, critical infrastructure, regional competitiveness, environmental sustainability, social inclusion, health, safety, literacy, and other initiatives. Economic development differs from economic growth. Whereas economic development is a policy intervention endeavor with aims of economic and social well-being of people, economic growth is a phenomenon of market productivity and rise in GDP. Consequently, as economist Amartya Sen points out: “economic growth is one aspect of the process of economic development.

For and against tourism

From the perspective of tourists come to you:

Generates employment in the service sector.	Cultural exchanges between people- leading to greater understanding.	Tourism income may help to conserve natural landscapes, wildlife and cultural heritage.	Local businesses benefit via business by association.	Natural landscape/cultural heritage may be damaged by huge numbers of visiting tourists and their activities.
Tourists may disturb wildlife- i.e. Feeding and breeding cycles.	Profits may leak aboard from the country; the companies involved may be foreign owned.	Tourist developments may not be sympathetic to the local environment.	Many tourism jobs are seasonal, low skilled, part-time and low paid.	Over 200 million people are employed in the tourist industry.
Locals may benefit from improved infrastructure and facilities.	Commercialisation may devalue the traditions/artefacts of local people.	Increased employment opportunities and spending in an area results in a positive multiplier effect.	Local infrastructure might not be able to cope with increased pressure from tourists i.e. Water and waste.	Tourist income may help to maintain cultural heritage and traditions.
Tourists may not to go outside of their complexes/tours- a blinkered view of an area/ way of life develops.	Increased tax revenues, which may be used to fund local services and improve infrastructure.	Employment develops the skills of the local population.	Tourists strive to find unique locations; once a place becomes popular they will often move to find an undeveloped location.	Tourism is an unreliable sector to base economic development; places may fall out of fashion or be influence by World events.
11% of all global earnings are from tourism, around £258 billion pounds.	Developments may be owned by multinationals- management positions may be occupied by foreign workers.	Tourists can frustrate locals; they can impede their daily lives.	Western values may conflict with local values- e.g. How individuals act or are dressed.	Tourist voyeurism- expecting to watch the natives and their strange ways!

                                                                                   

Factory location influences

Location: where they carried out productive activity:

• Decision structural
• great investment
• Long-term implications
• irreversibility
• Decisions faq / unique
• Influence on competitiveness

Acts that influence location decisions:

• Insufficient or excessive production capacity.
• Release or removal of products.
• Camobios technology.
• Changes of inputs.
• Geographical shift in demand.
• Mergers or acquisitions.
• Globalization of the economy.

Factors influencing location decisions:

Tangible cost

1. Labor
2. ground
3. raw materials
4. Rent or buy
5. Energy / Water
6. Taxes and insurance

Cost intangible

1. Community attitudes
2. State and Local Laws
3. costs climatological
4. Competition in labor unions

Ligh Industry

A section of an economy's secondary industry characterized by less capital-intensive and more labor-intensive operations. Products made by an economy's light industry tend to be targeted toward end consumers rather than other businesses. Consumer electronics and clothing manufacturing are examples of light industry.


Light industry is usually less capital intensive than heavy industry, and is more consumer-oriented than business-oriented (i.e., most light industry products are produced for end users rather than as intermediates for use by other industries). Light industry facilities typically have less environmental impact than those associated with heavy industry, and zoning laws are more likely to permit light industry near residential areas. It is the production of small consumer goods.
One economic definition states that light industry is a "manufacturing activity that uses moderate amounts of partially processed materials to produce items of relatively high value per unit weight".
Examples of light industries include the manufacturing of clothes, shoes, furniture, consumer electronics and home appliances.

Map of the main international political organizations

That's the map of the main international political organzations:

Bar chart of the number of internet users in the world

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide.

This IT network has revolutionised the mass media because it includes press, television and radio.
It also allows users to download multimedia files that contain television and radio programmes, blogs...

 

Map of the main tourist areas

Tourism refers to trips that people take for recreation from the place where they live to another for a limited period of time, It involves spending at least one night away from home.

Tourism is seasonal and is determined by physical (relief, climate, vegetation...) and human factors (roads, restaurants, accomodation...). There are different types of tourism:

1. Beach tourism.
2. Active tourism.
3. Nature tourism.
4. Cultural tourism.
5. Healthy and beauty tourism.
6. Congress and convention tourism.

Here there's a map of the main tourist areas in the world.

And if you want to know Spain, you have here a map of the most important national claims of Spain:

Map of world trade

World trade is the different routes to the market between different parts of the world. Here you can see two maps of world trade routes:

Physical and political map of África 1

Here you have two maps of Africa, a political map (1) and a physical map (2):

(1)

(2)                            

Oil: for and against

The oil is a natural liquid oilseed and flammable, consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons, which is extracted from continental and marine geological beds and has multiple chemical and industrial applications.

Pros of oil:

• Very large supply. Second largest oil field in the world.
• Economically recoverable at today’s oil prices
• Will help keep oil prices relatively low
• Enormous growth potential. Less than 5 percent has been produced.
• Big economic driver in Alberta. Jobs for Native Americans.
• Stable source country (a rarity for oil)
• GHG emissions could potentially be minimized through CCS
• No other energy source can move vehicles with greater speed at longer distances than oil.
• Create jobs for the local economy.
• Use in cars, convert into electricity, plastics, wax, sulfur, asphalt.

Cons of oil:

• Oil is non-renewable, which mean it will eventually run out.
• Burning oil pollute the environment by releasing CO2 and other toxic.
• Burning oil releases green house gases, which contribute to global warming.
• Oil companies need to build big oil rigs to extract oil offshore and inshore.
• Oil leaks may occur which result in environmental disaster by killing wild life, disturbing the biodiversity of that area and it take years for cleanup.
• Extracting oil from sand takes a lot of water.
• Drilling for oil is unpredictable; it takes a lot of time to search for oil.
• It is expensive and dangerous to transport oil.

I personally see very well when my parents take me by car or anything I have at home and they are made from petroleum (derivatives), but seeing pictures like the ones below, I feel a total repugnance toward our race. Why we had to evolve enough to find oil? Luckily, someone always think about other alternatives, although all but contaminates everything we do, at least if it pollutes a lesser amount.
Biodiesel, ethanol, biogas, hydrogen, hybrid ...
According to Repsol, the pace at which we, the oil will run out in 2045, we will have to get used porlo these energies. Better or worse than oil?

Importance of water

Water is the common name applied to the liquid form (state) of the hydrogen and oxygen compound H2O. Pure water is an odorless, tasteless, clear liquid. Water is one of nature's most important gifts to mankind.
Water is an essential resource for living beings and humans. Its importance lies in the following aspects:

1. It is the source of life: can not live without it neither plants nor animals nor humans.

2. It is indispensable in everyday life:

• Domestic use: in the house for washing, cooking, showering, washing clothes, etc..
• Industrial Use: tanning industry, food manufacturing, cleaning, electricity generation, etc..
• Agricultural use: in agriculture for irrigation.
• Livestock use: in order to water livestock to pets.
• In aquaculture: to raise fish and other species.
• Medicinal use: in medicine to cure diseases. The thermal and medicinal waters are abundant in Peru. For example: the Inca Baths in Cajamarca Churín baths in Lima baths Jesus in Arequipa, etc.. Mineral waters are beverage consumption and contain medicinal mineral type. 

•  Use sport: in sports like swimming, surfboard, water skiing, boating, etc..
•  Use the city: in the cities to irrigate parks and gardens.

Agriculture as a system

Agricultural enterprises-crop or livestock-deal with such concepts as labor supply, marketing, finances, natural resources, genetic stock, nutrition, equipment, and hazards. While it is possible to effectively manipulate each mechanism of successful farming individually, better results can often be obtained by treating the farming operation as a system. The interactions, then, among system components may become more important than how each component functions by itself. Treating production operations holistically offers greater management flexibility, provides for more environmentally and economically sound practices, and creates safer and healthier conditions for workers and for farm animals. NIFA staff provides leadership to land-grant university partners and other grantees as they conduct research, education, and extension activities in programs related directly and indirectly to agricultural systems.
Agricultural systems are the world's main source of food for the population. These systems, sometimes called agro-ecosystems, usually consist of several parts and processes. Include: a farming area (with soils formed by previous geological and ecological processes), and production equipments for planting and harvesting, land clearing and harvest. You need a market to buy production and provide the money for the purchase of fuel, fertilizer, merchandise and services that keep the system running.

Crop farming

A crop is an agricultural product, and at the same time is the set of agricultural (crops) and its surroundings.
A crop is produced from traditional raw materials and by traditional systems or not, using more or less technology and its derivatives. Production systems are based on crops in different ways, some use a crop for years, generating very long fallow periods, which erode the soil and increase its risk of loss. Other systems employ cover crops, whereupon, during the non-productive period stays covered the ground, recycling nutrients. There are a variety of cover, including leguminous crops.
The types of crops grown can depend on environmental conditions, market demands, and preference.
Plants grown for food, like rice, wheat, and vegetables, are one form of crop farming. It is also possible to cultivate plants such as alfalfa that will be used to feed animals. Some farms have a combination of crops and animals, using the crops they grow to feed their livestock.

Physical factors affecting farming

The farming is affecting by physical factors like:

• Climate: Temperature – a minimum temperature of 6°C is needed for crops to grow. The growing season is the number of months the temperature is over 6°C. Different crops need a different growing season, e.g. wheat needs 90 days. Rainfall – all crops and animals need water.

• Relief: Temperatures decrease by 1>°C every 160 metres vertical height. Uplands are more exposed to wind and rain. Steep slopes also cause thin soils and limit the use of machinery. Lowland areas are more easily farmed.

• Soils: Crops grow best on deep, fertile, free-draining soils, e.g. the brown earths found in lowland Britain. Less fertile soils prone to water logging are best used for pastoral farming.

• Aspect: The direction a slope faces. South-facing slopes are best for growing crops

The farming system

Farming system is a decision making unit comprising the farm household, cropping and livestock system that transform land, capital and labour into useful products that can be consumed or sold.
Farming system is a resource management strategy to achieve economic and sustained production to meet diverse requirement to farm household while presenting resources base and maintaining a high level environmental quality.
They interact adequately with environment without dislocating the ecological and socio- economic balance on the one hand and attempt to meet the national goal on the other.
Farming system consist of several enterprises like cropping system, dairying, piggery, poultry, fishery, bee, keeping etc. these enterprises are interrelated. The end product and wastes of one enterprise are used as inputs in others. The waste of dairying like dung, urine, refuse etc. is used for preparation of FYM, which is an input in cropping systems. The straw obtained from the crops is used as fodder for cattle’s are used for different field operations for growing crops. Thus different enterprises of farming systems are highly interrelated.
Farming system is a complex inter related matrix of soil plants, animals, implements, power labour, capital and other inputs controlled in parts by farming families and influenced to varying degree by political, economic, institutional and socials forces that operate at many levels. Thus farming system is the result of a complex interaction among a number of interdependent components. To achieve it, the individual farmer allocates and qualities of four factors of production. Land, labour, capital and management, which has access to processes like management which has crop, livestock and off farm enterprises in a manner, which within the knowledge he possess will maximize the attainment of goal he is striving for.

Types of farming

There principal types of farming are:

1. Capital investment and labour.

• Extensive livestock farming: capital investment (in feed, farms...) is limited and productivity low. The livestock is mostly cattle and sheep, and grazes on large pastures in the open air.

• Intensive livestock farming: capital investment (in feed, farms...), labour and productivity are high. Mostly cattle, pig and poultry are farmed.

     2. Food and feeding methods.

• Grazing livestock: animals feed on grass. This is an example of extensive farming.
• Confined livestock: animals are kept in sheds and covered pens, and eat feed. This is an example of intensive farming.
• Semi-confined livestock: in summer, the animals eat grass; when there is not enough grass, they eat feed.

      3. Mobility of livestock:

• Nomadic herding: herders and their families are constantly moving with their animals in search of good pasture.
• Transhumance (seasonal migration of livestock): herders move their animals several times a year between winter and summer pastures.
• Sedentary livestock farming: animals don't have to move around to obtain food because farmers give them feed.

Primary economic activity word map

The primary sector of the economy extracts or harvests products from the earth. The primary sector includes the production of raw material and basic foods.
Activities associated whit the primary sector include:

1. Agriculture. 
2. Mining.
3. Forestry.
4. Farming.
5. Grazing.
6. Hunting.
7. Cathering.
8. Fishing.
9. Quarrying.

Here there´s a world map of Primary Sector:

Gross domestic product of countries in the world

The Gross domestic product (or GDP) refers to the monetary value of all the finished goods and servives produced within a country´s borders in
a specific time period, though GPD is usually calculated on an annual basis. It includes all of private and public consumption, government outlays, investments and exports less imports that occur within a defined territory.
To calculate the GDP in a place:

                                                       GDP = C+G+I+NX

Where:
"C" is equal to all private consumption, or consumer spending, in a nation's economy
"G" is the sum of government spending
"I" is the sum of all the country's businesses spending on capital
"NX" is the nation's total net exports, calculated as total exports minus total imports. (NX = Exports - Imports).

Here you´ve got a list of the largest economies by nominal GDP, 2011: